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Carbon dioxide capture and utilization
Case description
Carbon dioxide capture and utilization
The utilization and storage of carbon dioxide (CCUS) refers to the process of capturing and separating CO2 from emission sources such as energy utilization and industrial processes, or directly from the air. The captured CO2 is then transported via trucks, pipelines, ships, etc., to suitable sites for utilization or storage (refer to Figure 1). This technology plays a crucial role in achieving China's goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, and is an indispensable component of the technology mix for reducing CO2 emissions.
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CCUS technology not only enables near-zero emissions from fossil energy use, promoting deep emission reductions in challenging sectors like steel and cement, but also enhances the flexibility of the power system under carbon constraints, ensures stable power supply, offsets CO2 and non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions that are difficult to reduce, and ultimately achieves carbon neutrality goals.
Carbon capture technologies generally include chemical absorption, physical absorption, adsorption separation, membrane separation, and membrane absorption methods, with current emphasis on chemical absorption, membrane separation, and low-temperature liquefaction separation. The most mature and widely used technology internationally is the chemical solvent absorption/regeneration method for CO2 recovery, which has been applied for many years in the chemical and petrochemical industries, showing strong adaptability and enormous application prospects.
Anhui Sci-Nano has devoted significant research efforts to develop a new CO2 capture technology that couples membranes with chemical absorption methods. This technology primarily utilizes hydrophobic PTFE porous hollow fiber membranes and large membrane absorption separators for carbon capture. During the CO2 capture process, the high surface area of the PTFE hollow fiber membrane acts as an efficient mass transfer interface, while in the membrane absorption separator, CO2 in the flue gas can pass through the membrane interface into the absorbent and be carried away, thus achieving carbon capture. The CO2-rich absorbent can be heated using waste heat from the plant, and after passing through the PTFE porous separation membrane, with the combined action of thermodynamics and vacuum pressure, CO2 is separated and concentrated, completing the cyclic process of carbon capture.
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